Education: Engaging in Argument From Evidence

Engaging in Argument From Evidence Argumentation is the process by which evidence-based conclusions and solutions are reached. In science and engineering, reasoning and argument based on evidence are essential to identifying the best explanation for a natural phenomenon or the best solution to a design problem. Click on the icons (below right) to view other standards.
   Asking Questions and Defining Problems Developing and Using Models Planning and Carrying Out Investigations Analyzing and Interpreting Data Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions Engaging in Argument from Evidence Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information


Distribution of sunlight on earth
Ted Taylor, a high school earth sciences teacher at Bangor High School, discusses how to get more ocean science topics into the classroom.
Mean sea surface salinity (1950-2000)

As the Earth's climate warms, it creates an intensification of the water cycle, which means we can expect more extreme weather. Dr. Raymond Schmitt makes connections between a warming climate and its relationship to ocean surface salinity.
Advanced Argo float

In order to better compare Aquarius satellite data (measuring global ocean salinity) to autonomous float data, the scientists involved with the Argo program engineered an "Advanced Argo Float".
Deep sea formation

To understand Earth's climate, it is important to understand ocean circulation, which can be studied by examining ocean salinity. Julius Busecke explains how North Atlantic deep water is formed and how that drives global ocean circulation.
R/V Sarmiento de Gamboa

In this clip, Julius Busecke, a Ph.D student at the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, explains how these rainfall patterns create tropical and desert regions.
Weather forecast map

In this clip, Ph.D student Julius Busecke explains that through his research, he is trying to determine how freshwater is carried throughout the ocean and how mesoscale eddies in the ocean are affecting properties like ocean salinity.
Earth as ocean

Dr. Raymond Schmitt discusses the connection between the ocean and atmosphere and why that connection is so important to the global water cycle.
SeaWiFS global biosphere

Just like the land, the ocean has areas of high evaporation, little rainfall, and little life - and they are the ocean's "deserts". One such area contains the Atlantic ocean's salinity maximum, where the SPURS cruise took place.
Trends in global salinity

Observing changes in global ocean salinity and identifying trends involves the work of many scientists to process multiple types of data.
Global water reservoirs and fluxes

In this clip, Ph.D student Julius Busecke walks us through why we should be concerned about the ocean, due, in part, to evaporation and precipitation. Although we think of these processes as largely land-based phenomena, they actually take place on a much larger scale over the ocean.